Apparatus for lining open-hearth furnaces



Jan.10, 1928. 1,655,558

A. P. MEYER TUS FOR LINING OPEN HEARTH FURNACES APPARA 3 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Feb.2, 1922 Jan. 16'; i923? A.P.MEYER APPARATUS FOR LINING OPENHEARTH FURNACES Filed Feb. 2, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 nuulmmm \L 4 ATTORNE Y Jan. 10, I928. 1,655,558

A. P. MEYER APPARATUS FOR LINING OPEN HEARTH FURNACES Filed Feb. 2, 19223 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 rial in a. conduit or the like at a object to securea deposition til at the exit end, the

Patented Jan. 10,- 1928.

UNITED STATES VANIA.

PATENT OFF-ICE;

A CORPORATION 01 PENNSYL- APPARATUS FOR LINING OPEN-HEARTH summons.

. Application filed February 2, 1922. Serial 110. 533,732.

This invention relates to apparatus for lining open hearth furnaces; andit comprises a. certain combination of apparatus elements arranged toconvey granular matelow. velocity by mcans of fluid under pressurewhereby the granular material may be delivered to the Walls of thefurnace under control and Without substantial rebound; all as more fullyhereinafter set forth and as claimed.

' The invention is particularly useful in delivering granular materialfor lining and repairing furnaces such as basic open hearth furnaces andthe like and in such use it is the the furnace rather than a violentprojection,

or projectile action. To this end the air andkept-moving through 1column of material are the conduit at a rather low velocity, a velocityinsuflicient to cause a violent-projection of the material. The columnisffformed by material projected into the iiiovingfair current at arather high velocity; This gives the solid material be kept moving by anair current which would be too gentle to start" it from .a position ofrest or overcome its inertia, -The means .for delivering the solid.material to the conduit operates so that the feedof material deliveredto the conduit is uniform; the solids are so distributed through themoving airthat a, continuous uniform deposition of solids can be,attained without the irregularity inevitable Where the solids travel,for instance, as a series of spaced plugs. The mixture in, the deliverytube or conduit'may be considered as like an emule sion; it is acoarse-grained, uniform aerial.

suspension. In effect I establish and maintain a current of air or otherfluid under pressure through a tubular conduit which best'should have anunconstricted nozzle and I transmit the granules into the conduit andinto the air current advantageously at a greater rate of speed than thespeed of travel of the material at the exit end of the conduit. Ineffect I am compounding the energy of granules and air that are in theconduit, un-

air merely suifices to keep the granules moving and permits the mixtureto expand at and beyond the nozzle outlet where the airvelocity isnolonger sufficient to keep the} granules moving and whereby thegranules simply drop. In this of the material in a start, so to speak,and it can way the conduit orthe nozzleend of it may ASSIGNOR TO. ALLENB. DAVI- be moved from place to place and the lining of theopen hearthformed in situ or parts'of the lining may be patched as the exigenciesof any particular case demand. The granular material is delivered as asteady flowing stream.

The provision of a simple and efficient ma- I chine for deliveringgranularma-terial has long been a desideratum in the art to which thisinvention relates. made to provide machines for mixing anddeliveringmaterials, such as cement and the like, but these machinesclogged and'the difficulty mg. This is due, primarily, to what may betermed-the distributing means between the source of supply and thenozzle, such distributing means usually consisting of a perforated orpocketed wheel through which the material is forcedb air before itreaches the nozzle. Particular y with ranular material, the wheelbecomes clogged.

Among other objects of my invention is the elimination of thedisadvantages referred to and the provision ofa simple, compact andeasily operated machine for delivering powdered or vision of a machinein which, when desired, relatively low pressure may be used to conveymaterial to a. distant oint so that the material may be put in shot inplace. I

In the accompanying drawings, shown one form vention. I k

Fig. 1: is a front elevation, partly in sec tion, of the completemachine; 3

Fig. 2'is a side elevation on a somewhat smaller scale; v I

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section along the line H of Fig. 1 looking in ofthe arrows;

ig. 5 is a vertical section along line 5'5 of Fig. 4-;

Fig. '6 is 'asection along-line 66 of Fig. 1

Attempts have been;

of uniform feedgranular material and the pro-. 1

p ace, rather than have; of apparatus within my inthe direction ispreferably point immediately below the distributor and sheiwingthedetails of the sliding valves; an

Fig. 8 is a detailed elevation of one form of nozzle which may be used.

Referring, to the drawings in the several views of which similarreference numerals designate corresponding parts, 1 indicates thestandard or frame of the machine which of angle iron construction.Attached to the upper part of this frame by means of rivets 2 orotherwise, is the main receptacle 3 shown as rectangular, but when highpressures are used it is best circular in cross section. The downwardlyslanting roof 4 of this receptacle is provided with a central opening.Around this opening is riveted the bearing ring 5 carrying the gasket orpacking 6. The roof is further provided with a plurality of rings oreyes 7 for engagement of hooks or the like by means of which the machinemay be moved from place to place. The slanting roof in effectconstitutes a small hopper or funnel by means of which the material maybe delivered into the main receptacle 3. Normally and in use, theopening is closed and sealed by means of the bell 8 which is suspendedby means of the pivoted arms 9 connected to the' shaft 10, on which ismounted the link 11. This link is keyed to the shaft 12 which passesthrough journals 13 riveted at one end 14 to the roof and at the otherend 15 to the walls of the receptacle. To the shaft there is also keyedat one end the lever arm 16 having the weight 17 and handle 18. Thisconstruction permits lowering the bell through outward movement of thehandle 18 and the automatic closing of the bell and sealing of thereceptacle, through the weight 17.

The lower part of the main receptacle is provided with the taperingbottom 19 which may be riveted or bolted in place and which isopen atits end 20. This serves to form a restricted opening and sustain theweight of the material in the receptacle 3. Attached to the receptacle 3by means of the rivets or bolts 21 is the upper half 22 of asubreceptacle or chamber 23, the lower half 24 being bolted in positionby bolts 25. This chamber I term the rotor chamber.

'Mounted in the rotor chamber is the rotor 26 consisting of asubstantially conical body provided with a plurality of passages,

pockets or channels 27 preferably deeper at the base than at the top.The surface of the conical body may be slightly curved inwardly. Thepassages or channels 27 may be formed by means of a plurality of blades28, curved to correspond to the face of the rotor. These permit guidingthe material to the wall of the rotor chamber. The rotor isadvantageously supported in position on the upper part of the sleeve 29,which is attached to part 30 of an oil casing. The other part 31 of thecasing may be secured in position by means of rivets or the like. Therotor is keyed to a shaft 32 and held in position by means of the nut33. Such shaft passes through the sleeve 29 provided with packing 34.Resting on the upper part of the sleeve is a thrust collar 35 having theball bearings 36, the upper plate 37 rotating with the rotor and thelower plate 38 remaining stationary on the sleeve. The lower end of theshaft carries the gear 39 meshing with the worm 40 on the shaft 41connected to the flexible connection 42 leading to a motor 43. The motormay be controlled from the controller box 44 (electrical connections notbeing shown) and the controller handle 45. The controller box is mountedin cage 46 in which the operator may stand and iscarried by the irons 47suitably supported and braced by the spacers 48.

The lower portion of the chamber 23 is provided with two openings 49 towhich the injector nozzle may be attached. When not in use, they may becovered by plates 50. The injector nozzle comprises the nozzle head 51having a flange 52 by means of which it is secured around the opening49. Branch 53 is connected to the nozzle at a point outside the chamberand is in communication with a source of fluid (advantageously, airunder pressure). Pipe 54 leads by means of a flexible connection 55 to acompressor or the like. This pipe or line 54 is provided with thepressure gage 56 and valve 57 for the purpose of observing andcontrolling the pressure to the nozzle. The

line 58 leading into the receptacle 3 and with line 58 leading to therotor chamber 24 in order that the pressure therein may be balancedagainst the pressure in the nozzle and to prevent any back pressure intothe chamber 23. As shown in Fig. 7 it may be provided with valved line58 leading to a point where the rotor rotates above the top of the oilcasing 30. This construction is useful for carrying away particles ofmaterial tending to deposit at such a point. This construction may alsobe used to balance the pressure in the receptacle and the line 58 may beused as auxiliary to or in the place of line 58. The pressure in the re:

the feeding of the with the material through the lowering of receptacle3 and through the bell 8 and the machine is conveyed in proximity to thefurnace. UsuallyI swing the machine on a fiat car or the like running ontracks near the furnace. The operator then opens the'valves 57, 59 and.59 and starts the compressor or establishes communication between thecompressor and the line 55, whereupon the air passes into the the line54 to the The motor 43 is immediately started through the controllerhandle45 and operated to revolve the rotor, or distributor 26. Therestricted opening20 permits free feeding of the material on to therotor 26 while, at the same time, sustaining the weight receptacle 3.vThe granular material flows upon the rotor into the channels or anddescends, partly by gravity and partly through the centrifugal force ofthe rotor. Since the speed of the rotor can be coninjector nozzle 53.

trolled through the motor, the force of delivery may be regulated. Thegranular material is d'scharged with any desired force through theopening inthe chamber 23 into the nozzlehead where it is met outside thechamber 23 by the air, underpressur e from the :branch 53 flowing in thesame general direction as that in which the material is projected. Thedistributor'orrotor therefore takes the material from a state ofcomparative rest and delivers it into the nozzle] head 51, overcomingthe inertia of the material. In fact the material is moving atconsiderable velocity in the conduit before it is picked up and carriedforward by the fluid under pressure. The hose conveys the material tothe which, in the instance mentioned, may be the interiorof a basic openhearth furnace.

Since the speed or amount of material delivered to the hose may becontrolled and since the pressure of the air through the line 54-may becontrolled the granular material may be deposited in place at any'rateand in any quantity desired, and furthermore with any degree of force.The construction of the rotor permits steady delivery of the material ina regular way. There are no pockets or holes through which the materialmust be forced and the distributor or rotor does'not revolve between thesource ofcompressed air and the nozzle thus giving it an intermittentfeed which is the objection to some types of the machine.

I may employ special means as the conduit 60 shown in Fig. 8 forcontrolling the force of delivery of the material.

In Fig. 8 I have shown more or less diagrammatically a side which may beused. Section 60 is attached to the section 60 of Fig. l and any lengthof section may be used:-

I At the extremity of the section 60 of this nozzle I attach .L 61which-is advantageously a 4.5 degree L and of the material in thepassages S110 point of application elevation of the nozzle I then insertthe nipple 62 which may be one inch long. Next I attach the L 63 I whichmay be a45 degree L and which is best oppositely disposed with respectto the L 61. At the end ofL 63 I may attach one or more sections 64constituting the delivery end of the nozzle. This construction permitsme to slow down the Velocity of the material in the conduit by theprovision of the Us 61 and 63. The material going through conduit 60 and60 may be at a greater force than desired. It is slowed down i to makethe turn in the L 61 and is further "slowed down by having to make theturn in'the L 63. i

It is particularly advantageous to use a special delivery end for thenozzle; this end uld not be restricted, but should be of the sameinterior cross section throughout its-length. whether curved orstraight, since a tapered interior would cause choking of the line and aflared interior would cause spraying of the material. The delivery mouthshould be of the same cross section interior as the delivery end of thehose.

Two or more conduits may be operated at the same time or only-one may beused, through provision of the gate Valves shown in Fig. 7. These may beslide valves 65 both of which can be closed or opened .depending uponwhich one of he conduits-is to be used.

What I claim is a l. A machine for delivering granular or powderedmaterial comprising a sealed reeeptacle for the material, means forstoring a fluid under pressure therein, a rotor under said receptacleand provided with a plurality of radial channels cry of the rotor, meansfor supplying material from the receptacleto the channels, an encirclingwall preventing centrifugal .discharge of'the material from the channelsexcept at onev point which is open, a conduit in communication with thechannels at the said point through the openingand means for delivering acurrent of fluid under pres sure into said conduit to convey thematerial to a distant point.

2. A .machine for delivering granular or powdered material, comprisingan open bottom sealed receptacle, means for storing fluid under pressuretherein, a rotor arranged under the'receptacle and adapted to receivethe material discharged therefrom and to convey it laterally, a conduitarran ed to receive the material as it; is' discharge from the rotor,and means connected to the conduit for supplying some fluid underpressure to convey the material along said conduit to a distant point.

I 3. A machine for delivering granular or powdered'material, comprisinga main reeeptacle having an open bottom, a chamber underthe mainreceptacle, a, conduit conby having open at the periphtacle an nected tothe chamber, means connected to the conduit for supplying fluid underpressure, and a conical rotor having its apex in proximit to the openingof the main recepits base in proximity to the point of connection of theconduit, whereby the into the conduit and propelled therein by the fluidunder pressure.

4. A machine for delivering granular or powdered material, comprising asealed receptacle for the material, means for storing fluid underpressure therein, means for supplying the material to a rotor, a rotorrevo luble on a vertical axis and arranged tore ceive the material anddeliver it radially, a chamber in which the rotor operates, means inconnection with the chamber at a point in the wall thereof in proximityto the periphery of the rotor to receive the material as delivered bythe rotor, and means connected outside' the chamber with the last namedmeans for supplying fluid under pressure to convey the material to adistant point.

5. A machine for deliveringgranular or solid material, comprising achamber, means for supplying materialthereto, a substantially conicalrotary receiver acting as a distributor located in the chamber, andhaving a base occupying substantially the entire bottom of the chamber,means on the receiver for conducting the material from its apex to itsbase, and to confine such material while acquiring rotary movement, aconduit in communication with the chamber and arranged to receivematerial centrifuga-lly projected from the base of the receiver, andmeans for supplying fluid under pressure to the conduit for receivingand continuing the motion of the projected material and conveying it toa distant point.

6. A machine for delivering granular or powdered material, comprising amain sealed receptacle adapted to store fluid under pressure open at thebottom, butsealed by contained material, an 'orificed chamber beneaththe main receptacle, a rotary 'distribu tor in the said chamber, saiddistributor provided with channels arranged to receive material fallingthrough the opening of the main receptacle, means for rotating saiddistributor, means in communication through the orifice with the saidchamber for receiving the material from the distributor,.

and means'in said last named means for admission of fluid under pressureto propel the material and convey it to a distant point.

7. A machine for deliveringgranular or powdered material, comprising asealed receptacle containing fiuid under pressure for for supplying thematerial to a rotor, a substantially conical shaped rotor provided witha plurality of substantially radial channel's; arranged to rece ve thematerial and means for operatingthe-rotor,

pressure supply means connected to the last named means, whereby thematerial may be conveyed to a distant point. material delivered on therotor is projected 8. In a machine for delivering granular or powderedmaterial for the relining of furnaces, means forming a source of supplyof the material and means therebeneath forming a delivering conduit forthe material, combined with a vertically mounted rotor located betweenthe two said means for conveying the material from the source to thedelivering conduit, said rotor comprising a substantially conical shapedbody portion, the face of which is provided with a plurality of radialchannels, a shaft carry-. ing the rotor and means for revolving theshaft. I a

9. In a machine for delivering or conveying granular 0r powderedmaterial, a chamber, a distributor in the chamber, said distributorcomprising a substantially conical shaped hollow member with its base inproximity to the bottom of the chamber, a sleeve extending from thebottom of the chamber inside said conical member, a bearing member ontop of said sleeve and supporting the said conical member, a shaft inthe sleeve to which the conical member is secured, an. oil chamber belowthe first said chamber, into which said shaft extends, and driving means.in said chamber connected to said shaft for rotating said distributor.

10. In a machine for delivering or conveying granular or powderedmaterial, a chamber provided with an upwardly extending sleeve, an oilchamber beneath said first chamber carrying driving mechanism for ashaft, a shaft connected to said driving mechanism and extendingupwardly through said sleeve, a distributor carried by said shaft ata-point beyond said sleeve, said distributor being hollow and conical inshape and surrounding the said shaft and said'sleeve.

11. The combination with a vertical receptacle forstoring" granularfurnace lining material to be delivered to a distant point, of a rotortherebeneath and in communication therewith, said rotor comprising asubstantially conical shaped'member having a plurality of radialchannels, and being revoluble on a-vert-ical axis, a chamber for therotor, and a conduit'in communication with the chamber for receiving thematerial from the rotor. a l

12. The combination with a vertical receptacle for storing granularfurnace lining material to be delivered to a distant point, of a rotortherebeneath and in communication therewith, said rotor comprising a,subllu stantially conical shaped 'member having a liit on a verticalaxis, a chamber for the rotor, and a conduit in communication with thechamber for receiving the material from the rotor.

18. The combination with a vertical receptacle for storing granularfurnace lining material to be delivered to a distant point, of a rotortherebeneath and in communication therewith, said rotor comprising asubstantially conical shaped member having a plurality ofpassagesextending from the apex to the base, and being revoluble on avertical axis, a chamber for the rotor, and a conduit in communicationwith the chamber for receiving the material from the rotor.

14. A machine for delivering solid material con'iprising a main sealedreceptacle provided with a funnel bottom, a chamber under the receptacleinto which the funnel extends, a distributing device arranged to rotatein said chamber and having a part located in proximity to' the mouth ofsaid funnel and provided with means for delivering material from themouth of the funnel toward the wall of said chamber, conveying means inproximity to the deli-very point of said distributing device, and meansfor supplying air to said conveying means for conveying'therethrough thematerial supplied by said distributing device.

15. In apparatus of the character described a main receptacle having afunnel outlet at its bottom, a second receptacle part of which enclosesthe funnel outlet of the first receptacle, a feeding device located inthe second receptacle and arranged to rotate therein, such feedingdevice extending near the outlet of the first receptacle and pro.- videdwith pockets arranged to deliver material from the outlet of the firstreceptacle downwardly and laterally as isolated streams, means incoirnnunication with the second receptacle through which material fromthe pockets may be delivered and means in proximity to the deliverypoint of said material for propelling delivered materialithrough saidreceiving means.

,In testimony whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature.

ALBERT P. MEYER.

